Individual’s time preference may be influenced by a variety of factors such as economic conditions. In this paper, we consider the time inconsistent preference triggered by the switches of firm’s profitability state and apply it to the model of dynamic agency and the q theory of investment....

Objective In frst-line treatment of advanced or metastatic nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the ORIENT-11 study demonstrated a signifcant progression-free survival and overall survival for sintilimab plus chemotherapy in comparison with chemotherapy alone. But the...

We investigate the economic empowerment of founders’ wives in public Chinese family firms. We show that female cofounders hold higher voting rights when their firms are headquartered in regions where gender stereotypes rooted in local social norms are less prevalent. We also find that firms...

We investigate the effect of agency conflicts between shareholders and debtholders on aggressive tax avoidance using a unique setting of dual holders who simultaneously hold equity and debt of the same firms. We find robust evidence that firms with dual holders exhibit more aggressive tax...

According to management by objectives (MBO) theory, the significance of management objectives must be considered as a reference point in a performance evaluation. Cross efficiency evaluation has always been considered to be one of the important performance evaluation methods. However, few...