Controversy has prevailed since the problem of "transforming" values into prices first emerged in the late 19th century. Progress has, regrettably, been hampered by attempts to "vindicate" Marx's work exactly, rather than treating him as a pioneer upon whom his successors must build, using the...

This article demonstrates relationships that are transparent in Sraffa's standard system hold even when relative rates of profit vary persistently among industries. Even with such variations, total constant capital, total variable capital, total surplus value, and the rate of profits are...