The paper studies how common codes of artificial language in communication are developed in the laboratory. We find that codes emerging from an environment with more variable spatial positions tend to use a limited set of symbols to represent positions, whereas codes emerging from an environment...

There are increasing complaints from the developing world that developed countries seem reluctant to transfer green technology, despite its salient benefi ts in helping to solve the climate problem. Identifying a signaling effect of technology transfer that was neglected by the previous...

Before 2005 when the Kyoto Protocol went into force, the Framework Convention of Climate Change (FCCC) did not impose any binding restrictions on carbon emissions of member countries. Many argue that such a treaty would not reduce carbon emissions. In this paper, we investigate the effect of...

Whether or not the current climate talks achieve a meaningful treaty, the current negotiation forms important reference points for future negotiations. In this paper, we introduce reference points to a canonical model of International Environmental Agreements (IEAs). An IEA member that abates is...

This paper incorporates identity into a model of voluntary public good contribution. An ideal of contributing to public goods divides players to different social categories: Players who identify with the ideal become insiders, obtaining identity utility but incurring disutility if their...

We propose a simple commitment mechanism prior to a public goods contribution game. Each player simultaneously and independently proposes a deduction rate, which serves as a proposal for the rate by which the return on private investment accounts will be reduced. The group deduction rate is...

We modify a canonical participation game used to study International Environmental Agreements (IEA), considering both mixed and pure strategies at the participation stage, and including a prior cost-reducing investment stage. The use of mixed strategies at the participation stage reverses a...