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cointegration analysis and error-correction models. Two measures of exchange rate volatility are used in this study. According to …This paper analyzes the effects of real exchange rate volatility on the United States’ exports to BRICS. It focuses on … model was first estimated using three estimation methods, namely, the Panel Least Squares, the Panel Fully Modified Least …
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According to WTO rules, countries are allowed to adopt regulations under the Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) agreements in order to protect human, animal and plant health as well as environment, wildlife and human safety. Our paper offers an analysis of...
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The paper provides a summary measure of the Uruguay Round tariff reduction commitments in the European Union and the United States, using the Mercantilistic Trade Restrictiveness Index (MTRI) as the tariff aggregator. We compute the index for agricultural commodity aggregates assuming a specific...
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-Andrews stationarity tests, which all confirmed that the series are integrated of order one. Both the ARDL bound testing for cointegration … and the Johansen cointegration approach all confirmed long-run relationship among the variables. From the cointegrating …
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1980–2015. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration and the Toda and Yamamoto …
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