Purpose: Develop a method for an extended "fore-and-aft" use of business models. The method will turn them also into potent business history tools, in addition to being valuable forward planning instruments. Approach: Business models can be used to understand organizations by studying them as...

In 1686 the leadership of Massachusetts was involved in the first operational bank scheme in America. In 1688 this note-issuing bank was mysteriously aborted at an advanced stage. It was a unique opportunity for financial development that did not arise again for decades. I suggest a new, simple...