Legal scholars often classify countries into ‘legal families’. The research on ‘legal origins’ refers to this literature; yet, it then goes further as it uses distinct categories into which each country’s law is allocated in quantitative studies. Today, this line of research, which goes...

What role does defensive conduct play in a utilitarian theory of tort law? Why are rational (as opposed to instinctive) defensive actions permitted by tort doctrine? To address these questions I will build on the property and liability rules framework. I argue that defensive conduct plays an...

The Federal Circuit, the Patent Office, and several regional circuits apply the trademark law doctrine of foreign equivalents. Under the doctrine, marks in foreign languages are translated into English and tested for the statutory bars to registration, instead of being tested in their original...

This paper analyzes the legal possibility of Geographical Indications status to the culinary products of the Awadh region of the State of Uttar Pradesh, India. The state of Uttar Pradesh is one of the most backward regions of India but has a rich cultural heritage that can be harnessed for...

The English law of mortgage is remarkable. Its complexity rivals that of Euler's equation and could, in the same manner, be described as ‘beautiful'. Its stubborn retention of archaic terms and concepts operates in sharp contrast to the ever changing world of finance which it inhabits. Most...

Since the global financial crisis of 2007, regulators and economists have analysed the moral hazards inherent in institutional arrangements which encouraged economic actors to act irresponsibly. The process of institutional reform must extend to review of legal rules which allow transacting...

This article reviews China's land tenure system, which is featured with differential treatment of rural and urban citizens with respect to three types of land tenure: urban land tenure, arable land tenure and rural residential land tenure. With the urban residents fully participated in the...

While a Blackstonian view of property envisaged a "despotic dominion" of an owner over a thing, property has never been so absolute. In fact, as I argue in this paper, the nature of property has been culturally constructed and property means different thinks across cultures and even over time...

The U.S. residential housing market collapse illustrates the consequences of ignoring risk while funding mortgage borrowing. Collateral over-valuation was a foundational piece of the crisis. Over the past few decades, secondary markets, securitization, policy and psychology increased the flow of...