Immanuel Kant famously argued that it would be self-defeating for everyone to follow a maxim of lying whenever it is to her advantage. In his recent book Signals, Brian Skyrms claims that Kant was wrong. First, he argues that there are Lewisian signaling games in which, whenever it would be...

In "How to Collaborate," Paul Thagard tries to explain why there is so much collaboration in science, and so little collaboration in philosophy, by giving an epistemic cost-benefit analysis. In this paper, I argue that an adequate explanation requires a more fully developed epistemic value...

In his latest book, Knowledge in a Social World, Alvin Goldman claims to have established that if a reasoner starts with accurate estimates of the reliability of new evidence and conditionalizes on this evidence, then this reasoner is objectively likely to end up closer to the truth. In this...

Goldman and Shaked (Statist. Probab. Lett. 12 (1991) 415) show that, for all reciprocally convex measures of truth possession, experiments are always "objectively" expected to increase a scientist's degree of truth possession. We show that this result is optimal. Further, we argue that all...

Roy Sorensen (forthcoming) claims that there are lies that attack knowledge without attacking belief. Using the framework of Bayesianism, I argue that all of Sorensen's examples of knowledge-lies actually achieve the goal of the liar by altering people's beliefs in one way or another. Although...

The original version of the two envelope paradox is not all that paradoxical. The fact that (a) one of two sealed envelopes contains twice as much money as the other does not imply that (b) the other envelope is equally likely to contain twice or half as much money as your envelope. And (b) is...

The philosophy of information is concerned with the nature, management, and use of information. Thus, it should be able to help us make better decisions about how to manage information (e.g., decisions about intellectual property laws, collection development policies, and Internet evaluation...

An important issue for information ethics is how much control people should have over the dissemination of information that they have created. Since intellectual property policies have an impact on our welfare primarily because they have a huge impact on our ability to acquire knowledge, there...

In order to guide the decisions of real people who want to bring about good epistemic outcomes for themselves and others, we need to understand our epistemic values. In Knowledge in a Social World, Alvin Goldman has proposed an epistemic value theory that allows us to say whether one outcome is...

The doctrinal paradox shows that aggregating individual judgments by taking a majority vote does not always yield a consistent set of collective judgments. Philip Pettit, Luc Bovens, and Wlodek Rabinowicz have recently argued for the epistemic superiority of an aggregation procedure that always...