Should monetary policy lean against financial stability risks? This has been a subject of fierce debate over the last decades. We contribute to the debate about “leaning against the wind” (LAW) along three lines. First, we evaluate the cost and benefits of LAW using the Svensson (2017)...

During the 1990s and early 2000s, the consensus was that central banks had to adjust interest rates only in response to inflation and (possibly) output. Such consensus was questioned in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis, as well as during the present pandemic. In contrast with most of...

We develop a model of monetary exchange in over-the-counter markets to study the effects of monetary policy on asset prices and standard measures of financial liquidity, such as bid-ask spreads, trade volume, and the incentives of dealers to supply immediacy, both by participating in the...