This paper focuses on the decision to go public when both seller and potential buyers have private benefits of control. The basic model by Zingales (1995) is extended to account for uncertainty of private benefits. This leads to new implications for the sales process, ownership structure,...

This paper examines the excess bond return in a sample of IPO announcements from 1983-2007 for firms with publicly trade debt. The main finding is that IPO announcements create a positive abnormal bond return. This finding is not driven by reverse LBOs, venture backing, spinoffs or by a...

This study examines the relationship between the characteristics that define initial public offerings (IPOs) and the post-offering liquidity of stocks outstanding. We argue that higher underpricing, relative size and retail composition of the offerings will result in higher post-listing...

We analyze the impact of regulation and option introduction on the price effects of secondary equity offerings before and after options are introduced on the underlying stocks. After controlling for the implementation of SEC Rules 10b-21 in 1988 and 105 in 1997, we find that option availability...

This paper examines the effect of stock market conditions on the waiting time of initial public offering (IPO) candidates, from the date firms file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to the effective IPO date. I find that issuers are going public faster...

This study investigates underpricing of IPOs in Sri Lanka. On average, IPOs are underpriced by 34%. Small issues are more underpriced than large issues, and privatization issues are more underpriced than conventional issues. Investor sentiment is positively related with underpricing and affects...

We revisit debates on the regulation of IPOs by analyzing failure rates of IPOs carried out between 1900 and 1913 on the London and Berlin stock exchanges, two of the leading financial markets during the early 20th century. IPOs were regulated more heavily in Germany than in Britain and, as...

We test whether and how equity overvaluation affects corporate financing decisions using an ex ante misvaluation measure that filters firm scale and growth prospects from market price. We find that equity issuance and total financing increase with equity overvaluation; but only among overvalued...

Most of the analyses of small firms' decision to seek outside equity financing and the conditions thereof have concerned private firms. Knowledge of the risk and return of entrepreneurial ventures for outside investors is consequently limited. This paper attempts to fill this gap by examining...

We analyze the economic consequences of disclosure and regulation within a context of significant information asymmetry and lenient regulation. In Canada, firms can enter the stock market at a pre-revenue stage by fulfilling each of the requirements of an initial public offerings or using...