In a 2016 paper (Fang, Huang, and Karpoff, 2016), we report that firms exposed to an increase in the prospect of short selling during the Reg SHO pilot program have lower discretionary accruals during the pilot period. Black, Desai, Litvak, Yoo, and Yu (2019, hereafter, BDLYY) argue that this...

We identify a specific organizational resource in brokerage houses—information sharing among analyst colleagues who cover economically related industries along a supply chain. We hypothesize that this resource constitutes a knowledge asset that benefits analyst research and allows analysts to...

This study examines individual analysts' relative strengths in earnings forecasting skill and stock picking skill. We define analysts with skill specialization when he has one skill substantially stronger than the other, and analysts with non-specialization when he has balanced skills. We follow...

This paper studies the long-term consequences of actions induced by vesting equity, a measure of short-term incentives. Vesting equity is positively associated with the probability of a firm repurchasing shares, the amount of shares repurchased, and the probability of the firm announcing a...

Using 321 circuit court rulings, we construct a measure that captures the within-country variation in courts’ attitudes toward securities law violations. Case-level analyses confirm that district courts heed home-circuit precedents and are more likely to dismiss pending cases when their home...

Artificial intelligence (AI), powered by machine learning algorithms, is capable of extracting information efficiently from big data and, therefore, has great potential for improving financial decision-making. In this chapter, we summarize several important applications of AI in this context....

We examine the relation between security analysts' annual earnings forecast boldness ("bold analysts") and changes in the inferred flow of earnings-related information from managers of the forecasted firm to bold analysts. We find that unfavorably bold analysts experience an improvement in their...

Drawing on the political theory of judicial decision making, our paper proposes a new and parsimonious ex ante litigation risk measure: federal judge ideology. We find that judge ideology complements existing measures of litigation risk based on industry membership and firm characteristics....