This paper examines two attributes of earnings press releases issued by firms cross-listed on U.S. stock exchanges: the tone and frequency of forward-looking statements. A more conservative tone and a greater proportion of forward-looking statements are often viewed as contributing to more...

In a single market, liquidity supply has two dimensions--price measured by the quoted spread, and quantity measured by the quoted depth. A third liquidity dimension, market breath, should be added when multiple markets quote the same security and there are enforceable regulatory penalties for a...

On September 20, 2016, the Japan Securities Dealers Association implemented guidelines that prohibited securities sell-side analysts to obtain an earnings preview before the earnings' official release. We examine the unique impact of the guidelines on market behavior and analyst forecasts in the...