There is reliable evidence that managers smooth their reported earnings. If some firms manage earnings downwards (upwards) when they experience large positive (negative) earnings shocks and if investors have cognitive limits or are inattentive, then it is plausible that the post-earnings...

We find that firms that meet or just beat last’s year earnings (henceforth, MBE firms) have a lower post-filing stock return volatility in the month following the 10-K filing. We also find that this negative relation is stronger for the MBE firms providing more readable 10-K. Furthermore, we...

More companies are disclosing free cash flow in their earnings announcements. Companies choose a range of definitions for disclosed free cash flow, none of which correspond to the theoretical definition. The most common definition (in 38% of free cash flow disclosures) is operating cash flow...

This study investigates whether and how voluntary disclosure affects the earnings announcement premium (EAP). Using S&P500 index additions as an exogenous source of variation to voluntary disclosures, we test the effect of guidance on information risk and investor attention as drivers of the...

The release of earnings information has become less timely in recent years partly because firms increasingly disclose earnings concurrently with their periodic reports (e.g., 10-Ks, 10-Qs). We examine whether firms use voluntary disclosure to mitigate the negative economic consequences of less...