The paper analyses the development of trafficking in human beings (THB) as an economic crime and as a severe violation of human rights by focusing on the different actors' involved in counter-trafficking efforts. The paper outlines how the crime evolved in Austria, Germany and the United States...

Open data are held to contribute to a wide variety of social and political goals, including strengthening transparency, public participation and democratic accountability, promoting economic growth and innovation, and enabling greater public sector efficiency and cost savings. However, releasing...

This paper discusses the regulation of mass metadata surveillance in Europe through the lens of the landmark judgment in which the Court of Justice of the European Union struck down the Data Retention Directive. The controversial directive obliged telecom and Internet access providers in Europe...

This article analyses the feasibility of the adoption of specific, international human rights law-compliant, transatlantic standards on foreign surveillance, in the context of Edward Snowden's revelations of large-scale surveillance programs operated by the US National Security Agency (NSA) and...

Every company is undoubtedly under attack from hackers. Many companies have suffered data breaches resulting from cybersecurity. In Britain and the United States, the legal privilege strategy has been developed to shield companies after a cyber-attack from tortious liability. However, unlike in...

This book examines the law governing asset management in a wide range of commercial contexts across 15 jurisdictions of the European Union. The study includes the basic features of the available legal institutions (for example, whether they provide bankruptcy protection or allow free choice of...

The customs sanctions of the EU-27 are not harmonized - the sanctioning of customs offences is still the task of the twenty-seven Member States and their national legislation. The US has attacked the purely national customs sanctions of the EU as break of the WTO rules in the WTO Dispute...

One of the most difficult issues in cyber conflict is the application of territorial sovereignty and other geographic principles to an activity that defies the traditional notions of borders. The structure of the internet and the protocols by which it operates, including the inability to direct...

The recent European Union (EU) proposal to harmonize criminal penalties for sanctions violations across its member states purports to be an ambitious initiative to create a consistent approach to sanctions enforcement across the Union. However, the proposal falls short of the reform needed to...

The word "piracy" has been applied to acts of murder, robbery, plunder, rape and other villainous deeds which have transpired throughout history. Piracy usually conjures up images of a flag with skull and crossbones and of swashbucklers, plundering ships and taking booty as prize. Traditionally,...