We propose a risk-based firm-type explanation on why stocks of firms with high relative short interest (RSI) have lower future returns. We argue that these firms have negative alphas because they are a hedge against expected aggregate volatility risk. Consistent with this argument, we show that...

Several important anomalies are stronger for more complex firms. Despite conglomerates being on average larger and more liquid than single-segment firms, anomalies are stronger for conglomerates. In the conglomerates-only sub-sample, anomalies are stronger for conglomerates with more...

Previous research on insurer cost of equity (COE) focuses on single-period asset pricing models. In reality, however, investment and consumption decisions are made over multiple periods, exposing firms to time-varying risks related to economic cycles and market volatility. We extend the...

The idiosyncratic volatility effect of Ang et al. (2006) is robust to restricting the sample to NYSE firms (once proper listing indicator is used) and to excluding from the sample small, illiquid, and low-price stocks. The idiosyncratic volatility effect is also unlikely to stem from the...

Product market power serves as a natural hedge against adverse shocks and competitive threats, thus increasing managerial risk tolerance of innovation investment. Consistent with that, we find that product market power is positively associated with firm innovation input and output. Additionally,...

Asymmetric timeliness (AT) measure from Basu (1997) regression is priced. Sorting firms on AT produces a 40 bp per month spread in six-factor alphas. The AT effect is driven almost exclusively by the bottom AT quintile, populated by aggressive firms that recognize gains more timely than losses....

The paper shows that new issues earn low expected returns because they are a hedge against increases in expected aggregate volatility. Consistent with that, the ICAPM with the aggregate volatility risk factor can explain the new issues puzzle, as well as the small growth anomaly and the...