The hypothesis that when firms obtain financing, they prefer internal sources to external sources is known as the pecking order hypothesis. We model firms' financing activities implied by the pecking order hypothesis by a sequential logit model. Then, we propose to test the pecking order...

In this note, I review how to impose the stationarity and invertibility conditions in estimating ARMA models with unconstrained optimization. Specifically, I reintroduce a convenient transformation of unconstrained variables proposed by Jones (1980), illustrating how to compute its inverse...

In this paper, I propose a simple methodology for inferring the correlation between permanent and transitory shocks in unidentified unobserved components (UC) models, where the correlation is not identified. However, I show that there is an upper bound of the correlation implied from the...

Information matrix (IM) test (White, 1982) has been used for detecting general model misspecification in the applied econometrics literature. Two of the most commonly used asymptotic covariance matrix estimators (ACMEs) for the IM test are the one that White (1982) proposed in his original paper...

In this article, we develop the asymptotic theory of Hwang and Basawa (2005) for explosive random coefficient autoregressive (ERCA) models. Applying the theory, we prove that a locally best invariant (LBI) test in McCabe and Tremayne (1995), which is for the null of a unit root (UR) process...

In this paper, we propose a test for coefficient stability of an AR(1) model against the random coefficient autoregressive model of order 1 neither assuming a stationary nor a non-stationary process under the null hypothesis of a constant coefficient. The proposed test is obtained as a...

In this paper, we show that the sequential logit (SL) model, in which a choice process is characterized as a sequence of independent multinomial logit models, is a limiting case of the nested logit (NL) model. For testing the SL model against the NL model, we propose using the Wald, likelihood...

In this paper, we show that the sequential logit (SL) model, in which a choice process is characterized as a sequence of independent multinomial logit models, is a limiting case of the nested logit (NL) model. For testing the SL model against the NL model, we propose using the Wald, likelihood...

In this study, we considered a matrix operator that stacks up generically distinct elements of a symmetric matrix in a way different from the well-known "vech" operator. We call this operator the "vecp" operator. The vecp operator is similar to the vech operator, but it is more useful in...

The multinomial probit (MP) and ordered probit (OP) models have been widely used in empirical econometric analyses in which a dependent variable falls into several categories. In this paper, we consider another class of probit models, called the correlated sequential probit(CSP) model, and show...