constitutional rules on social outcomes. We find no evidence that Islam encourages minority discrimination if it is not …This study examines the effect of formal institutions, specifically constitutional provisions, on minority … discrimination in Muslim societies. We hypothesize that those Muslim countries in which (political) Islam constitutes an important …

constitutional rules on social out-comes. We find no evidence that Islam encourages minority discrimination if it is not …This study examines the effect of formal institutions, specifically constitutional provi-sions, on minority … discrimination in Muslim societies. We hypothesize that those Muslim countries in which (political) Islam constitutes an important …

other minorities. We find that nearly 12% of UK-employed academic economists are of ethnic minority origin. However, only 1 …% of the sample are UK-born ethnic minority. Controlling for individual and workplace characteristics, there is no … significant ethnic minority effect on academic rank. However, there is a significant negative earnings effect. Further, 41% of …

constitution, or the act of 1905, it’s not what it appear, and mostly known in the french literature, this article is to reject all … questions of how the idea of laicism has been reversed into the interwar period thus to the 1958 constitution to be developed in …

participants toward members of the other religion one week after the training program finished. While we find that most of the …

participants toward members of the other religion one week after the training program finished. While we find that most of the …

Azhar, one of the most respected Sunni religious institutions in the world, developed a model of an Islamic constitution …. This study uses Al-Azhar's constitution as a model of Islamic constitutionalism, whereby its stance regarding rule of law … is examined. We find that Al-Azhar's constitution does not correspond with essential concepts of rule of law. For example …

-majority countries. However, we find no evidence that Islam is inimical to democracy when not entrenched in the constitution …There is an ongoing debate on the relationship between Islam, oil wealth and (lack of) democracy. Considerable … literature shows that Islam, represented as an informal institution by Muslim population share, has a negative effect on …

minority groups in Western societies. In this paper we present new analysis of Understanding Society that expands the limited … evidence on minority identification. Drawing on Berrys acculturation framework, we explore patterns of dual minority and … majority identification among the UKs minority ethnic groups. We find that minorities tend to hold strong British identities …