The paper discusses the respective roles of competition policy and sector-specific regulation for industries such as … when competition policy and to sector-specific regulation apply to a given industry at the same time. The discussion refers … parts of the industry should be subject to regulation, and (iii) the recent cases in the telecommunications and postal …

Utilities regulation in the Member States is always subject to the application of EC competition law. However, this … undermines the effectiveness of utilities regulation and the European Courts should deploy a more flexible standard than that … demarcate the borderline between competition law and sector regulation but a case-by-case assessment should be carried out to …

authorities to access the big data held by operators could transform regulation by simplifying proof of bias or discrimination … should be possible to transform market regulation …

freedom in their design and operation. Markets subject to regulation would be expected to suffer some uncertainty, but efforts …

the accompanying Regulations on cross-border trade in gas and electricity, the ACER Regulation, the Regulation on Energy … Market Integrity and Transparency, the Second Renewables Directive, the Gas Security of Supply Regulation, the Carbon Capture …

competition), whereas regulation is typically result-oriented (with regulators defining desirable outcomes and directing market … between sector regulation and competition law enforcement, with a particular focus on the Portuguese legal regime established … a priori regulation cease to exist, as the latter is always more intrusive and more restrictive with regard to economic …

competition is likely to develop on its own, or whether specific access regulation is necessary or desirable in attaining this end … that specific mandatory access regulation, on top of generic non-discrimination principles found in competition law and … strengthened if necessary in sector-specific regulation, is not needed to facilitate competition and may be counterproductive …