lower as compared to that of newborn babies of single mothers. The family status effects in the 2000s are stronger as they …) studies, we find that the significantly positive impact of family status on children s health outcomes disappears if we … confine our sample to mothers, who are below the age of 22 years. We conclude that social and financial stress may have an …

children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be exposed to pollution in utero and that white, college … educated mothers are particularly responsive to changes in environmental amenities. I estimate that differences in exposure to … toxic releases may explain 6% of the gap in incidence of low birth weight between infants of white college educated mothers …

This study builds on the debate on whether mothers' employment in the early life of children bring positive or negative … mother may not be able to take care of their children fully. This study estimated the effects of mothers' employment status … to supports children's development as well as creating equity for working mothers in Indonesia. …