We conducted a type of “field experiment” to evaluate how difficult it will be for companies to implement the recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) published in June of 2017. These recommendations are based on the four categories of governance,...

The first integrated reports were published in the early 2000's by corporate pioneers determined to provide information that would improve their shareholders' and stakeholders' understanding of the company. The International Integrated Reporting Framework was released in December 2013 to provide...

While interest in integrated reporting is growing, the number of listed companies issuing such reports remains a very small minority. Common concerns expressed by companies include complexity, cost, and litigation risk. To address these concerns, we decided to conduct an experiment answering the...