This paper analyzes the auditor choices for a sample of 2,333 predominantly small and mid-sized Finnish firms. Finland requires virtually all commercial enterprises to have a financial statement audit, but allows the smallest firms to choose from four types of audit firms: first tier...

Using a large proprietary data set from the internal records of the Finnish Tax Administration for the fiscal year 2011, we examine the factors that trigger adjustments by the tax authority to the taxable income reported by around 25,000 small private companies. Using that data, we develop a new...

This study investigates the extent to which the pressures from outside stakeholders, specifically the providers of debt and trade credit, as opposed to owner-managers' internal needs explain the use of voluntary audits in micro-companies. Whereas previous studies have mainly focused on how bank...

Client- and auditor-related attributes are well-documented and often synthesized determinants of audit pricing. Particularly in recent years, the audit fee literature has undergone rapid growth in empirical archival research regarding the effect of external factors on audit pricing. We extend...

This study examines whether the decision to voluntarily (i.e., without a statutory obligation) employ two audit firms to conduct a joint audit is related to audit quality. We use separate samples and empirical designs for public and privately held companies in Sweden, where a sufficient number...

This study investigates the implicit financial incentives of individual Big 4 audit partners by examining the association between a partner's compensation and characteristics of the audit firm, audit partner, and individual partner clientele for Big 4 firms in Sweden. Using tax and financial...

This study investigates whether the market's perception of auditor quality makes a difference to the market value of a firm using a sample of 1 915 takeover offers in the USA over the period 1990 to 2005. The study finds, as hypothesised, that the takeover process makes a smaller correction to...