This paper examines the role of central bank digital currency (CBDC) for poverty reduction and sustainable development. In the paper, I argue that a CBDC can eliminate poverty by increasing financial inclusion which gives poor people access to affordable credit and other basic financial services...

This paper analyzes global interest in internet information about decentralized finance (DeFi), embedded finance (EmFi), open finance (OpFi), ocean finance (OcFi) and sustainable finance (SuFi) and the relationship among them. The findings reveal that global interest in internet information...

This paper explores the 2021-2022 global energy crisis. The 2021-2022 energy crisis was caused by many factors including the global campaign to reduce carbon emission, the shortage in fossil fuel reserves due to divestment from fossil fuels, the halt in oil production due to the COVID-19...

The purpose of this paper is to develop a new model or approach to earnings management for sustainability. The challenges posed by climate change and environmental degradation have stimulated interest in sustainability. But such interest has not led to the development of new models that...

This paper reviews the existing research on sustainability and sustainable development around the world. It begins by defining the sustainability and sustainable development concepts. Thereafter, the paper highlights the dimensions of sustainable development and sustainability based on the...

This paper investigates the correlation of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) with nonperforming loans and loan loss provisions for 22 developed countries from 2008 to 2017. The findings reveal that economic policy uncertainty is negatively correlated with nonperforming loans and loan loss...

This paper presents a discussion of decentralized finance in Africa. It presents some statistics and data on decentralized finance in Africa. Thereafter, the potential benefits, challenges and regulatory issues associated with decentralized finance in Africa are presented. Recently, there has...

This article explores some of the difficult issues in financial regulation for financial stability. Noting the lack of prior academic work in the topic, this article presents a discussion of some difficult issues in financial regulation for financial stability. Some of the difficult issues...

This paper highlights the globally-important determinants of financial inclusion. The determinants identified in this paper are formal account ownership; demand for formal savings; demand for formal borrowings; financial literacy and education; debit and credit cards usage; the need to receive...

This paper examines the determinants of bank income smoothing using loan loss provisions in the United Kingdom or Great Britain from 1999 to 2017. The findings show that UK banks use loan loss provision for income smoothing purposes. Income smoothing is greater in times of high economic policy...