In most cases, mergers that raise competition problems are not prohibited but approved on condition that the parties remove the anti-competitive effects through remedies. This contribution examines the European Commission's merger remedies practice

This case note analyses and comments on the European Commission's decision to approve the acquisition of Omnova by Synthomer. Both companies are major producers of so-called specialty chemicals.The Commission cleared the acquisition in Phase I, after the parties offered remedies to address the...

In May 2020, the General Court rendered its long-awaited judgment in the UK mobile merger case. At issue in this case was whether the Commission lawfully prohibited the acquisition by Hutchison of O2 (Telefónica UK) back in 2016. That deal would have reduced the number of mobile network...

This paper tells the story of the Saitama Saturday Club case and how it changed antitrust enforcement in Japan. Although the case is often cited as an example of failed antitrust enforcement, in fact, the case had a lasting and positive impact in many unexpected ways. The case opposed Japan's...

This article gives an overview of competition law in Japan, with a particular focus on recent cases and developments. It touches upon most major aspects of competition law in Japan, including its substantive rules, enforcement mechanisms and historical background. The article also discusses the...

This article summarizes and comments on Yamato v. Japan Post, one of Japan's leading cases on predatory pricing. The case clarified the test to assess whether prices are predatory. When Japan Post introduced a new price scheme for parcel deliveries, Yamato alleged the new prices were predatory...

This paper challenges the classical view on the role of litigation in Japan by examining a particular type of litigation, namely private antitrust litigation. It shows that the widely held idea that antitrust litigation in Japan is rare only holds when compared to the US, not Europe. The...

Japan’s engagement with international models of competition law has been decidedly ambiguous and counter-cyclical with its economic performance. During times of prolonged economic growth, Japan’s attitude to Western styles of competition regulation has been predominantly skeptical, if not...

This document contains excerpts from the book Private Antitrust Litigation in the European Union and Japan – A Comparative Perspective (Maklu Publishers, February 2013). The book contains the following chapters:IntroductionPart I - Private Antitrust Litigation in Japan Chapter 1: Historical...

This article gives an overview of competition law in Japan, with a particular focus on recent cases and developments. It touches upon most major aspects of competition law in Japan, including its substantive rules, enforcement mechanisms and historical background. The article also discusses the...