Deriving estimators from historical data is common practice in applied quantitative finance. The availability of ever larger data sets and easier access to statistical algorithms has also led to an increased usage of historical estimators. In this research note, we illustrate how to assess the...

Estimating the covariance between assets using high frequency data is challenging due to market microstructure effects and asynchronous trading. In this paper we develop a multivariate realised quasi maximum likelihood (QML) approach, carrying out inference as if the observations arise from an...