The patent systems in Europe, the United States and many other countries exempt medical treatment methods from … user innovation communities and considers how well the European experience supports an understanding of physicians as user … innovators. The article describes the implications of this framing for patent policy …

innovation in the European research area. …

This paper explores whether the patent law and intellectual property rights (IPR) system have resulted in innovation in … China during the reform period. It appears that the patent laws have produced a stock of patents, where the success rates of … patent applications are fairly uniform across the country. As the IPR framework does not vary across provinces, we asked …

first the requirements for stimulating scientific and technological creation and innovation in the European Research Area … innovation in Romania in relation to industrial property rights. Considering the requirements for stimulating scientific and … technological creation and innovation, we deal with issues on adapting and maintaining dynamism in law and institutional regulations …

use the OECD-REGPAT dataset, that includes patent applications made by European inventors and applicants to EPO in the … order to reduce biases we use patent applications by region of the inventor, as its linkage to the territory is stronger … in patent applications and R&D expenditure. Richer regions in terms of GDP – generally those of central-western Europe …

This study examines the variations within Asia of two exceptions to patent rights that are commonly justified under … aspirations. The study examines, from a comparative perspective, examples of these respective exceptions in patent legislation in …

support national patent offices and interested parties in developing countries with information that can serve as guidance for … the examination of the claims contained in relevant patents or patent applications. The medicines considered for the … patent analysis in this report are remdesivir, ruxolitinib, favipiravir, molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir, and the …

adjudicating pharmaceutical patent-related cases? If so, have they considered public health either as an exception to investment … recent investment disputes concerning pharmaceuticals. The underlying assumptions of this article are that adjudication is a …