The incoming Labour administration in 1997 caused a stir when it gave the Bank of England additional monetary policy powers but removed the Bank's powers to regulate banking. Up till 1997, banking regulation had been the function of the Bank of England while other areas of financial services had...

Up until 1989, there existed “the Big Eight” accountancy firms namely the eight major international accountancy firms, Arthur Young (AY), Ernst & Whinney (EW), Deloitte Haskins & Sells (DHS) ,Touche Ross (TR), Price Waterhouse, Coopers and Lybrand, Arthur Andersen and KPMG. At present, there...

In his paper, “The Use of Cross Border Corporate Profits and Losses and “Global Corporate Tax Information”: A Game Theory Approach”, Garbarino (2014) highlights three concerns about cross border consolidation:- The inclusion of losses of foreign affiliated companies or permanent...

Having been signed off through an executive order, it appears that the Trans Pacific Partnership is now dead in the waters – even though it was also considered to have been a stronger contender than its counterpart – the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). What hopes now...

As the United States looks set to order an imposition of tariffs on aluminum (10%) and steel (25%) imports during the first week of March 2018, the announcement does not only appear to be unsettling financial markets, but also triggering further questions relating to whether the announcement...

As well as highlighting recent initiatives being undertaken by government regulators such as the CFTC and SEC, to regulate virtual currencies such as the crypto currency markets, this paper highlights why the need to address unregulated financial markets – with particular focus on shadow...

This paper traces developments from the inception of the 1988 Basel Capital Accord to its present form (Basel II). In highlighting the flaws of the 1988 Accord, an evaluation is made of the Basel Committee's efforts to address such weaknesses through Basel II. Whilst considerable progress has...

This paper traces the developments that have contributed to the importance of risk in regulation. Not only does it consider theories associated with risk, it also discusses explanations as to why risk has become so important within regulatory and governmental circles. Two forms of risk...

From the responses received from the European Commission's consultation on control structures in audit firms and their consequences on the audit market, a consultation which was launched in November 2008, and whose deadline was scheduled for the end of February 2009, the role played by the...

This paper considers the need for a more pro active approach which facilitates greater on site work being carried out by supervisors - as highlighted in the Legal and General Case. It also considers the recommendations made to the UK's regulator - the FSA, and in particular to the FSA Board,...