Capital quality improvement is a general phenomenon. Therefore quality correction is needed in price indexes. There is substantial evidence of biases in the official price indexes of capital equipment. We apply to euro area statistics estimates of these biases based on US data thus deriving...

This paper examines international technology transfers using firm-level data across 43 developing countries. Our findings show that exporting and importing activities are important channels for the transfer of technology. Majority foreign-owned firms are less likely to engage in technological...

Defensive innovations in developed countries can explain the empirical phenomenon that openness towards trade with less-developed countries does not necessarily induce a substantial increase in the wage differential and trade volumes. Building on step-by-step innovations as introduced by Aghion...

The aim of the current paper is to estimate the need for new PhDs in the Estonian academic sector for the 5-year period 2007-2012 using a survey of employers, such as universities, institutions of applied higher education and research institutes. The doctoral workforce in all countries around...

A society is characterized by the common attitudes and behavior of its members. Such behavior reflects purposive decision making by individuals, given the environment they live in. Thus, as technology changes, so might social norms. There were big changes in social norms during the 20th century,...

The traditional concentration of basic research activities in academic settings, with applied research more prevalent in industrial settings, is a distinguishing feature of science and technology markets. This structure arises from a unique combination of product characteristics, and in turn it...

We present total factor productivity growth (TFPG) calculations for Japan, South Korea and Taiwan, using a consistent methodology and data sets. We reassess the productivity growth experience of Korea and Taiwan, as compared to Japan and to previous work on Latin American countries. We conclude...

Although human capital externalities are a key variable in theories of economic growth, there has been little investigation of the mechanism by which these externalities are realized. We examine the relationship between the local levels of human capital and firm formation rates and find that...

This paper develops a simple model of imperfectly competitive trade in commodities with both military and civilian applications, a.k.a. dual-use commodities. We consider the role of export barriers and foreign economic aid in encouraging peaceful rather than military application of dual-use...

Progress in our understanding of the role of knowledge in the economy, based on Nelson and Winter's book published in 1982, has been mixed. It has been greatest when their concepts have been enriched by empirical evidence, often coming from outside evolutionary economics. It has been least when...