This study investigates the association between cost rigidity and managerial ability. Cost rigidity refers to the percentage variation in costs relative to the percentage variation in sales, which can be captured by the relative proportion of fixed and variable costs. Traditional management...

In this study, we follow the strategy typology proposed by Treacy and Wiersema (1995) and develop a textual measure of firms’ generic strategy along three dimensions: product leadership, customer intimacy, and operational excellence. Product-leadership firms emphasize innovation and confront...

Agency theory predicts that tighter monitoring can motivate managers to exert higher effort. However, psychology theory suggests that managers may perceive increased monitoring as an indication of distrust, thereby reducing their effort level--known as a crowding-out effect. Prior research on...

Agency theory predicts that tighter monitoring can motivate managers to exert higher effort. However, psychology theory suggests that managers may perceive increased monitoring as an indication of distrust, thereby reducing their effort level -- known as a crowding-out effect. Prior research on...

Firms weigh the costs of public disclosure against the benefits of information transparency when disseminating narrative R&D information. In this paper, we examine whether firms with private information dissemination channels will reduce their public disclosure of narrative R&D information by...