While entrepreneurial activity is an important part of our economy, data about U.S. businesses in their early years of operation have been extremely limited. Only recently has it become apparent what important contributions new and young businesses make to job creation and innovation activities....

The Kauffman Firm Survey (KFS) was a panel study of new businesses that employed a complex sample design to collect key data about the dynamics of high-technology, medium-technology, and female-owned business entities. Complex sample designs of the type employed in the KFS typically have...

The purpose of this document is to provide instructions to the KFS users regarding the proper use of the KFS multiply imputed data to draw statistically valid inferences in their works. Also, it describes the general framework of the imputation process

Although entrepreneurial activity is an important part of a capitalist economy, data about U.S. businesses in their early years of operation have been extremely limited. Only recently has it become apparent what important contributions new and young businesses make to job creation and innovation...

"This paper investigates the capital structure choices that firms make in their initial year of operation, using restricted-access data from the Kauffman Firm Survey. Contrary to many accounts of startup activity, the firms in our data rely heavily on external debt sources such as bank...

We use confidential and restricted-access data from the Kauffman Firm Survey and matched administrative data on credit scores to explore racial disparities in access to capital for new business ventures. The novel results on racial inequality in startup financing indicate that black-owned...

This paper investigates the capital structure choices that firms make in their initial year of operation, using restricted-access data from the Kauffman Firm Survey. Contrary to many accounts of startup activity, the firms in our data rely heavily on external debt sources such as bank financing,...