This research attempts to apply Image Theory to examine whether the tendency to continue the initial strategy or maintain the status quo known as escalation of commitment (EoC) from institutional investors leads to positive investment performance in unstable real environmental conditions with...

In this study, we examine stock market shocks using a Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) model encompassing 26 countries from January 1999 to June 2022. Our findings reveal that i) shocks originating from advanced economies (AD) exhibit greater persistence in generating fluctuations compared to...