Purpose: This study investigates the interrelationships between efficiency, competition and risk in the Chinese banking industry. Design/methodology/approach: Parametric stochastic frontier analysis is used to estimate bank efficiency; the Lerner index is used as the competition indicator;...

Leveraging the sharp changes in environmental regulation embedded in China's 11th Five-Year Plan (FYP), which covered the period from 2006 to 2010, we characterize the degree to which the plan softens trade-offs between emissions and output. We document that the 11th FYP is associated with...

A strong capitalized position of financial institutions is essential to ensure their solvency. Because of their unique nature, banks must always keep an optimum level of capital to ensure smooth banking earnings. Consequently, it is mandatory for all types of banks operating in Pakistan to keep...