Intellectual Property Rights (“IPR”) can be regarded as an incentive for an inventor or an author, granted or recognized by a state. IPR are enforceable erga omnes within the boundaries of the state. Member States of the Paris Convention Union and other relevant conventions are expected to...

The relationship between corruption, particularly when systemic, and the rule of law is a circular one. On the one hand, corruption undermines the rule of law; on the other hand, a weak rule of law facilitates corruption. In a sort of parasitic relationship, corruption quickly attaches to the...

International investment and related disputes are on the rise. With national courts generally unavailable and difficulties resolving disputes through diplomacy, investment treaties give investors a right to seek redress and arbitrate directly with states. The costs of these investment treaty...

This paper gives an overview of the annulment (setting-aside) mechanism in international commercial arbitration. It explores the 'prevailing consensus' on the annulment criteria in the UNCITRAL Model Law and some of the more common deviations from such consensus present in contemporary national...