This paper offers a critical survey of the swings in banking regulation, notably with reference to leverage and risk weighted ratios. At the outset the distinction is made between economic and regulatory capital and between private vs social costs/benefits of equity finance for banking firms....

New liquidity rules and capital buffers requirements are introduced by the Basel committee in its Basel III framework. As capital requirements play a key role in the supervision and regulation of banks, this paper investigates how the risk-sensitive LCR rule impacts the cyclical behavior of the...

We analyse the impact of the adoption of expected credit loss accounting (IFRS 9) on the timeliness and potential procyclicality of banks' loan loss provisioning. We use granular loan-level data from the euro area's credit register and investigate both firm-level credit events and macroeconomic...

The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic crisis and the 2022 global energy crisis consecutive to Russia's aggression against Ukraine have been unprecedented in several aspects. In the European Union (EU), national governments, as well as European bodies put in place several relief measures to support the EU...