information that is directly related to actual credit decisions. In particular, we use bank-internal borrower rating data to …The German financial market is often characterized as a bank-based system with strong bank-customer relationships. The … paper to provide a direct comparison between housebanks and "normal" banks as to their credit policy. Therefore, we analyze …

To sustain growth in an aging economy, it is important to ease the financing of small firms by bank loans. Using bank …

stable finance. One efficient way to promote SME financing is through credit guarantee schemes, where the government … guarantees a portion (ratio) of a loan provided by a bank to an SME. This research provides a theoretical model and an empirical … analysis of factors that determine optimal credit guarantee ratio. The ratio should be able to fulfill the government's goal of …

In this paper we analyze the access to credit of innovative firms on the price and non-price dimensions of bank lending … in innovative processes. Further, innovative firms have a lower probability of being credit rationed than their non …

loans originated by the same bank. This finding is robust to loan- and borrower-specific controls, as well as the lender …

Has information technology improved small businesses' credit access by hardening the information used in loan …

increase in finance company and FinTech lending almost perfectly offset the decrease in bank lending. We control for firms …' credit demand by examining lending by different lenders to the same firm, by comparing firms within the same narrow industry …, and by comparing firms pledging the same collateral. Consistent with the substitution of bank lending with finance company …

We investigate the importance of firm-bank relationships for the international transmission of bank distress to the … of firms partially offset reduced credit supply by resorting to alternative financing sources …

their study, evidence that some SMEs may still face difficulties in accessing bank finance. This paper reports an in …-depth study into demand issues relating to access to bank finance by Kosovo SMEs and whether there is still a market failure. This … between firms' ages, business plans, and size and access to credit in Kosovo banks. These characteristics of firms are very …