How does violence affect social capital? I argue that its impact depends on two factors: i) the ability to identify the … perpetrating group, and ii) the intensity of the violence. These factors help to reconcile the seemingly contradictory effects of … violence on social capital presented in the literature. I study this question in the context of Colombia by exploiting changes …

ideal: Carlos Salinas de Gortari, (Mexico 1988-1994) and Carlos Menem (Argentina 1989-1999). Neopopulism is based on an …

Argentina in a difference-in-difference framework to examine how exposure to teacher strikes during primary school affects long … aggregate earnings loss of $712 million in Argentina annually. This is equivalent to the cost of raising the average annual … employment income of all primary school teachers in Argentina by 19 percent. We also find evidence of a decline in hourly wage …

There is no part in the world without violence. The violence has therefore become a dreadful pandemic in the world. The … violence hurt both rich and poor countries. There are a number of ways in which economic networks can add to regional conflicts … issues that cause the armed conflict and violence. It also provides some examples of the countries that suffer from armed …

weak state, and weak states are fertile ground for clientelism to flourish. This vicious circle of clientelism and state …