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-part tariff. At the same time, the AUD adopted by a dominant firm lead to “partial foreclosure” of an equally or more efficient …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012904633
We study the competitive effects of a vertical merger in a digital industry where an integrated incumbent (closed ecosystem) competes with an open ecosystem formed by an upstream supplier (ecosystem gatekeeper) and two downstream retailers selling differentiated products. Absent innovation, the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013212828
products and frequently use multiple or exclusive rebate contracts to exercise market power. Based on a Hotelling model of … horizontal and vertical product differentiation, we examine the controversy whether there exists a superior rebate scheme as far … differentiation, we find that firms clearly prefer multiple over exclusive rebate contracts. Contrary, there exists no rebate form …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009510114
Retailers may enjoy stable cartel rents in their output market through the formation of a buyer group in their input market. A buyer group allows retailers to credibly commit to increased input prices, which serve to reduce combined final output to the monopoly level; increased input costs are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009631585
In many recent abuse of dominance antitrust cases, the dominant supplier adopts pricing schemes involving conditional rebates, whereas its smaller competitors often use simple linear pricing. We provide a game-theoretic justification for the observed asymmetry in pricing practices by studying a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012898725
. Each platform has an incentive to gain transactions by increasing the spread between its merchant fee and user rebate above …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012942160
We consider a two-period model with two sellers and one buyer in which the efficient outcome calls for the buyer to purchase one unit from each seller in each period. We show that when the buyer's valuations between periods are linked by switching costs and at least one seller is financially...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012721302
Firms sometimes agree to limit the discounts they offer a class of customers, i.e., they collude on the price differences across consumer classes. Why? Courts have struck down agreements to limit discounts as violations of the laws against price-fixing. Are these collusive agreements in fact...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014060515
Loyalty discounts, offered to customers that meet purchase thresholds, can shift share from rival firms. In a differentiated product duopoly, only one firm employs a program that customers adopt in equilibrium. Whenever consumers strongly prefer the product of said firm, such discounts increase...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014029562
We present an exclusionary theory of all-units discounts schemes. These schemes offer a per-unit discount to all units … to partially foreclose the small rival. Our theory suggests that pricing below cost is not necessary for all …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012959684