development of agricultural biotechnologies is evaluated.The five stages of the innovation process (research, development, product ….Alternative institutional setups for conducting the innovation process are presented. Although OTTs provide a new link between universities and …

This paper studies the effects of public research (publications) and innovation output (patents) on national economic … as well as less and more developed countries are studied separately. The results confirm the effect of innovation output … on productivity for more developed countries. Simultaneously, innovation output is found to have negative impacts on …

It has been repeatedly shown that universities and public research institutes contribute to local innovation generation … empirical examinations are missing. We analyse the impact of universities and public research on regional innovation output … innovation generators or innovation facilitators. All analyses are conducted on German data. …