We analyze the initial intellectual property (IP) right of 4,703 start-up entrants in the US, distinguishing between trademark and patent applications. The results show that start-ups are more likely to file for a trademark instead of a patent when entering into more competitive market...

The paper provides a measure of the performance differentials among Italian manufacturing firms, viewed in the light of the marked changes brought about by globalisation and the more recent economic crisis. On the basis of an original data- set it is shown that the profitability registered by...

In this paper the empirical literature on transaction cost motivations of vertical integration strategies is critically reviewed. From the large number of empirical studies on this particular area, it emerges that, notwithstanding a) serious data and measurement limitations; b) the different...

The barriers to trade in developing countries constitute one of the major obstacles to economic development and growth. This study aims at addressing the issues surrounding the prevalence of informal trade barriers in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. While it appears to be logical that the strongest...

One of the salient features characterizing the evolution of most industries facing rapid technological change and/or globalization processes lies in the large-scale proliferation of interfirm coalitions, both through equity deals and cooperative agreements and alliances. Owing to the...

Um dem steigenden Wettbewerbsdruck standhalten und den veränderten Kundenwünschen nachkommen zu können, wandeln sich viele Industrieunternehmen vom klassischen Produkt zum umfassenden Lösungsanbieter, d.h. zum Erzeuger und Vermarkter so genannter hybrider Produkte. In diesem Arbeitspapier...

Spanish Abstract: El centro comercial ha sido un amplio tema de estudio para investigadores de diversas ramas; ha pasado desde un centro que permite la interacción entre consumidores y vendedores al planteamiento de ser una experiencia familiar que permite visitar el centro comercial para...

The world economy is undergoing dramatic changes, largely driven by the new availability of fine-grained information. Innovative ways of using data—large and small—have also prompted a rethinking of the boundaries for the combination and use of knowledge. The strategic design of information...

We find strong evidence that imitation to the leader in an uncertain environment provides short-term early success without enhancing long-term survival. Using a unique setting in cryptocurrencies where Bitcoin has been the centre focus, we define copycats as cryptocurrencies that have a name...

In this paper, we determine how premium payment methods impact effective prices (prices that include any consumer payment rewards). This question is fundamentally related to policy, and we provide a robust answer by considering how a variety of retail market structures are impacted by multiple...