This article investigates the impact of increases and decreases in the level of net immigration in the United States as well as the effect of changes in the unemployment rate on the financial status of the Social Security program. After presenting the historical values of these important...

The Social Security program has received a great deal of attention recently as President Bush has been pushing for the inclusion of individual accounts within the program. The president has not specified a detailed proposal, but one of the reform models (Model 2) that was outlined by his...

An investigation of the impact of the assumed value of the labor force participation rate on the Old-Age, Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance (OASDI) trust funds' actuarial balance finds that further changes to the Social Security program - beyond increased participation - will be...

The bulk of 401(k) assets were invested in stocks. On average, at year-end 2019, 68 percent of 401(k) participants’ assets were invested in equity securities through equity funds, the equity portion of balanced funds, and company stock. Twenty-nine percent of assets were in fixed-income...

This paper provides an update of a longitudinal analysis of 401(k) plan participants drawn from the EBRI/ICI 401(k) database. Because the annual cross sections cover participants with a wide range of participation experience in 401(k) plans, meaningful analysis of the potential for 401(k)...

This paper reports findings of the 15th annual Retirement Confidence Survey (RCS), which points to potential solutions to the American retirement savings problem, specifically ways that could help workers save more through their employment-based retirement plans. The RCS again finds that a...

This paper updates previous Employee Benefit Research Institute (EBRI) publications that have examined employee tenure data of American workers. The latest data on employee tenure from the January 2004 Supplement to the U.S. Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (CPS) are examined and...

This paper provides a first step in determining how retirees now starting to retire - those first to be affected by the shift to lump-sum payments and 401(k) asset accumulation - are managing their wealth. Americans born from 1931-1941 are the focus of this study, since these Americans ranged in...

This paper provides an update of a longitudinal analysis of 401(k) plan participants drawn from the EBRI/ICI 401(k) database. Because the annual cross sections cover participants with a wide range of participation experience in 401(k) plans, meaningful analysis of the potential for 401(k)...

This paper presents key findings from the 21st annual Retirement Confidence Survey (RCS), a survey that gauges the views and attitudes of working-age and retired Americans regarding retirement, their preparations for retirement, their confidence with regard to various aspects of retirement, and...