Most listed firms are freestanding in the U.S, while listed firms in other countries often belong to business groups: lasting structures in which listed firms control other listed firms. Hand-collected historical data illuminate how the present ownership structure of the United States arose: (1)...

This paper estimates the impact of criminal justice process, mainly the indictment and conviction of controlling shareholders duty, on the market value of a firm. The indictment or imprisonment of controlling shareholders in Korean large business groups, chaebols, provides an opportunity for...