The Earned Income Tax Credit is unique among social programs in that benefits are not paid out evenly across the … calendar year. We exploit this feature of the EITC to investigate how the credit influences the food expenditure patterns of …

This paper analyzes the impact of an ethanol import tariff in conjunction with a consumption mandate and tax credit. A … tax credit alone acts as a subsidy to ethanol producers, equally benefiting exporters like Brazil. If an import tariff is … imposed to offset the tax credit, world prices of ethanol decline by less than the tariff (unless oil prices are unaffected …

credit is a direct gasoline consumption subsidy with no effect on the ethanol price and therefore does not help either corn … or ethanol producers. To understand this, consider first the effects of each policy alone (a mandate and a tax credit …). Although market prices for ethanol increase under each policy, consumer fuel prices always decline with a tax credit and …

This paper deals with the analysis of the impact of credit rationing on the farmer's economic equilibrium and the … the consequence of the occurrence of credit rationing on farmer's capital accumulation, investment and supply. The method … of optimal control is used to solve the optimization problem. The results show that the occurrence of credit rationing …

The unique feature of the rural credit market in China is the dominance of zero collateral and zero-interest reciprocal … lending and its long-term coexistence with the formal loan. This paper investigates the association between formal credit … constraint and prevalence of reciprocal loans in rural China. Based on the identification of rural households' credit constraint …

This paper studies how weather variability affects credit scores and credit access in developing countries. Using rich … repayment, lower credit scores and more frequent denials of future loan applications. I present evidence that affected farmer …'s income and ability to repay recover more quickly from weather shocks than credit access. Therefore, the interplay of weather …