This paper examines a quasi-experiment in which we encourage student effort by setting various weekly incentives to … engage in online tests. Our identification strategy exploits i) weekly variation in incentives to determine their impact on … deviation in exam grade. Effort in our study increases most for students at and below median ability, resulting in a reduction …

that stronger incentives decrease student well-being and intrinsic motivation to study. …This paper studies responses to high-stakes incentives arising from early ability tracking. We use three complementary … tracking system. Our results show that the need to perform well to qualify for a better track raises students’ math, reading …

that stronger incentives decrease student well-being and intrinsic motivation to study. …This paper studies responses to high-stakes incentives arising from early ability tracking. We use three complementary … tracking system. Our results show that the need to perform well to qualify for a better track raises students' math, reading …

that stronger incentives decrease student well-being and intrinsic motivation to study. …This paper studies responses to high-stakes incentives arising from early ability tracking. We use three complementary … tracking system. Our results show that the need to perform well to qualify for a better track raises students' math, reading …