This paper analyzes the integration process of European equity markets since the 1980s. Its central focus is on the role that EMU, and specifically, changes in exchange rate volatility, has played in this process of financial integration.

In this paper, I use GARCH model to explain the relationship between real exchange rate and its uncertainty using real exchange rate data of Singapore. The result supports no evidence that overvalued real exchange rate creates uncertainty of exchange rate policy in Singapore. This may give some...

This paper investigates the pass-through of external shocks, i.e. oil price shocks, exchange rate shocks, and non-oil import price shocks to euro area inflation at different stages of distribution (import prices, producer prices and consumer prices). The analysis is based on a VAR model that...