Web-based businesses have become potential targets of antitrust concerns across the world with the proliferation of information, the growth of internet-related businesses and over two billion users of the internet worldwide as of the end of 2011. As a result of the use of this exponentially...

In spite of the ASEAN goal of harmonising national competition policies and laws, the ASEAN Member States (AMSs) adopt an array of different approaches towards a number of procedural and substantive competition law issues, including the substantive appraisal of vertical agreements. The question...

Big Data and Big Analytics are a big deal today. Big Data is playing a pivotal role in many companies' strategic decision-making. Companies are striving to acquire a 'data advantage' over rivals. Data-driven mergers are increasing. These data-driven business strategies and mergers raise...

Most mergers involve multiple markets. The potential for settlement can vary by the fraction of the overall deal attributable to the markets of concern. (i.e., by the “overlap”). If an antitrust agency challenges a merger having only a small overlap, negotiating a settlement is very likely;...

Because services offered by some of the so-called “FAANG” big-tech firms—Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix and Google—are free, many believe we need a basis other than the “consumer welfare” standard in antitrust. At least with respect to Google, this conflict is false. Having a...

Article 3 of Regulation 1/2003 obliges the competition authorities of the EU Member States (national competition authorities or NCAs) to apply Articles 101 and 102 TFEU (EU antitrust law) whenever they apply national competition law to conduct falling within the scope of EU antitrust law....

This paper discusses how the protection of fundamental rights has become an issue in European Antitrust Law especially with reference to the parent-subsidiary relationship and the so-called AEG Telefunken presumption

This paper contains my contribution to the panel "Competition authorities: Towards more independence and prioritisation?" at the 8th International Concurrences Review Conference "New Frontiers of Antitrust" (Paris, 26 June 2017). It focuses in particular on the European Commission's 'ECN'...

Has the antitrust arsenal run out of novel theories or weapons? Think again. Recent scholarship has come to challenge conventional wisdom with the latest target of antitrust imagination being institutional investors, including diversified index funds. New economic research suggests that common...

More than a decade after the proclamation of consumer welfare as a goal of EU competition law, a fundamental question remains unanswered: namely, what is the content of the EU consumer welfare standard? What types of benefits and harms count respectively as welfare and as harm? Whose harm and...