This paper considers the need for a more pro active approach which facilitates greater on site work being carried out by supervisors - as highlighted in the Legal and General Case. It also considers the recommendations made to the UK's regulator - the FSA, and in particular to the FSA Board,...

This paper will consider whether the scope of financial regulation should be extended and if so, ways in which this could occur. In order to carry out these tasks, it will not only address problems identified from the recent crises and Basel 2, gaps which exist in some of the responses to these...

Over the years, there has been a shift from a wide command-and-control style of supervision whereby the regulator imposes detailed rules with which regulators supervise to one which consists of risk based regulatory strategies. 'Enforced Self Regulation', a regulatory strategy whereby...

The need to address issues pertaining to legal uncertainty, sound governance, public policy considerations – as well as forecasting techniques as a means of mitigating uncertainties in an environment where confidence the inflation target is low, are amongst some of the objectives which this...

Whilst the magnitude and consequences of the outbreak can certainly not be compensated – at least for many, or even quantified, it is hoped that greater cooperation between global economies, will be fostered in the ongoing efforts to find a solution to address the outbreak. This paper is aimed...

Even though it is evident that international and global cooperation will be required to overcome this ongoing pandemic, to what extent will such cooperation feature and be relied upon in future negotiations? Trust and confidence in certain relationships and partnerships may, it could be argued,...

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted how intricately linked the global community has become with the advent of globalization, rapid growth of Information Technology and the Internet Revolution. Since many global economies have become interdependent on each other – as further reflected by...

The exact dates of the first COVID-19 outbreaks may remain an unresolved mystery. Unless reliable sources and records can be traced and retained, efforts to trace when initial infections took place, may even constitute a greater task than the other question relating to how it was instigated –...

In its recent March report, two particularly note worthy observations are made in relation to the OECD's projections and predictions about possible outcomes of the recent COVID-19 outbreak (See Le Figaro, 2020):“The OECD put forward two main possible scenarios: The first, the basic one, which...

The financial markets have regained grounds following losses in recent weeks. However the current global outlook remains largely uncertain. The decision of the Federal Reserve to announce its emergency rate cut on the 3rd March 2020, the first since the Financial Crisis, sent shock waves amongst...