Debt among African nations is a widespread and pervasive problem particularly among developing nations. Debt has significant, profound and long-lasting consequences for the social, economic and political development of African nations. All too often poorer nations have been forced to set aside...

Two important policy goals in intergenerational problems are Pareto-efficiency and sustainability, i.e. intergenerational equity. We demonstrate that the pursuit of these goals is subject to an intergenerational equity-efficiency trade-off. Our analysis highlights two salient characteristics of...

This document tries to quantify the possible impacts, on the natural gas consumption, of changes in the flat sale price, to the final consumer, for the natural gas distribution system in Bolivia, in particular, it was analyzed the progressivity of this policy on households from eight urban...

We consider definitions and measuring procedures of personal income used by three U.S. agencies as well as the evolution of household size distribution and reveal major quantitative inconsistencies in the reported figures of personal and household inequality. The problem with the inequality...

We use individual-level tax administrative data to estimate personal income inequality among the tax-compliant population in South Africa over the period 2011-21. Our results indicate that inequality of this population rose slightly over the period, with the Gini coefficient increasing from 0.64...

This chapter explores the relationship between poverty and aging, in terms of its measurement and trends, as well as its alleviation, with particular attention to the most vulnerable individuals at each end of the age distribution. The measurement addresses both the definition of poverty and its...

In this chapter we inspect economic mechanisms through which technological progress shapes the degree of inequality among workers in the labor market. A key focus is on the rise of U.S. wage inequality over the past 30 years. However, we also pay attention to how Europe did not experience...

This paper focuses on exploring a contemporary issues in the Islamic legislations as a religion from a scientific and philosophical perspective, approach of Islam with science, and major goals of Islam in terms of rights, money, and woman. It also aims to explore the phenomenon, true concepts,...

Inflation affects the purchasing power of households. This paper documents large, idiosyncratic inflation differences between households in their everyday shopping. Low-income households have experienced higher inflation in the last ten years, but the difference to richer households has been...

This paper presents Distributional National Accounts (DINA) for Germany from 1992 to 2016. We combine personal income tax files with SOEP survey data to estimate the distribution of national income following the DINA method established by Piketty et al. (2018). We find that economic growth in...