This study is one of the first investigating the causal evidence of the morbidity costs of fine particulates (PM2.5) for all age cohorts in a developing country, using individual-level health spending data from a basic medical insurance program in Wuhan, China. Our instrumental variable (IV)...

Background: Family education investment is a key factor in reducing intergenerational transmission of poverty. At the price of higher health risk, the poor may overdraw their bodies to earn more money to invest in education. This study investigates the effect of physical overdraft, health risks...

Although multiple-purchase behavior is typical in retail practice, the choice model to portray such behavior is rare in existing research. This paper presents a new multiple-purchase (MP) choice model based on the multinomial logit (MNL) choice model, which allows customers to purchase more than...