This paper looks at the state of financial and social inclusion and financial sector development in EU Member States. More precisely, one of the objectives is to find out whether financial and social exclusion can coexist in the same countries, taking into account the development of the...

[Einleitung] Das Nord Stream 2 (NS2) Projekt besteht aus zwei Pipeline-Strängen à ca. 27,5 Milliarden Kubikmeter jährliche Durchleitungskapazität, die zusätzlich zu den bestehenden zwei Pipeline- Strängen gleicher Kapazität des Nord Stream Projekts Erdgas aus Russland durch die Ostsee...

We derive an analytic expression describing how health costs and death counts of the Covid-19 pandemic change over time as vaccination proceeds. Meanwhile, the disease may continue to spread exponentially unless checked by Non Pharmacological Interventions (NPI). The key factors are that the...

In this paper, I study the consequences of globalisation, as measured by the involvement of firms in GVC, on the business environment. In particular, I focus on concentration and productivity, firstly by estimating robust elasticities and then isolating the exogenous component of the variation...

The past decade following the global economic crisis (2008-09) will be certainly marked as the era of historically low interest rates, while the current juncture of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak raises the occasion of another extended period of very low interest rates. Yields have been falling...

Der demographische Wandel stellt unsere Gesellschaft vor große Herausforderungen. Gleichzeitig macht ein Rückblick auf die vergangene Dekade im deutschen Arbeitsmarkt deutlich, dass der Aufbau zusätzlicher Beschäftigung durch eine verbesserte Erwerbsintegration ein bedeutsamer Schlüssel zur...

The Expert Group on Linking Macro and Micro Data for the household sector (EG-LMM) was established in December 2015 within the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) with the aim of comparing and bridging macro data (i.e. National Accounts/Financial Accounts) and micro data (i.e. the Household...