In recent years, organized crime has expanded considerably, the presence, complexity and importance, and now threatens many aspects of normal life of citizens in private life, work and business. Organized crime promotes corruption, violence and other illegal activities threatening the security...

The author investigates here the impact of taxes on the size of the underground economy. Starting from the reference model of Allingham and Sandmo (1972), he derives three other sub-models from which it constructs a general model. The author used this model to evaluate the limits between which...

This paper develops a demographic model of the currency population by examining the birth and death rates of specific denominations of currency. This framework permits empirical estimation of the average lifetime of notes in circulation and hence the currency velocity (turnovers per year) of...

Over the last decades a growing concern over the phenomenon of the underground economy has increased attention among officials, politicians, and economists. There are several important reasons why officials and the general public should be concerned in post-communist countries about the real...

The multitude of duties which the fiscal regulations impose on the tax payers, as well as the burden of these duties have always stimulated tax payer’s ingeniousness to invent solutions to elude the fiscal duties. Tax evasion is the logic result of the faults and inadvertencies of an imperfect...

This paper examines the ‘currency enigma” which arises because despite financial innovation that has created important new substitutes for cash usage, U.S. per capita currency holdings now amount to $2700. American households and businesses admit to holding only 15 percent of the stock of...

This empirical paper investigates an important economic relationships, subject of great interest and currently open to debate: the link between underground employment and unemployment. While the literature is unanimous in considering underground employment and unemployment as strongly connected...

Using some special models, this study tries to quantify the size of underground economy in Romania. The exposition plan includes: 1) Models based on direct approaches; 2) Models based on indirect approaches; 3) A generalised model for the allocation of time; 4) A model based on May’s logistic;...

Organized crime, in the context of globalization, has become a cross-border phenomenon and, as such, its control can not be achieved only at national level but integrated into global, regional and sub regional one. Moreover, the existing tools and future solutions should provide realtime...

This empirical paper investigates two important and controversial economic relationship: the link between underground employment and unemployment, and the connection among underground economy and local factors. The key results of this analysis are two. The first: the causality relationship...