State business climate rankings are popular and can be influential in policymaking. Past academic studies have criticized those rankings for being based on some subjective criteria and on state-level data. However, in this article, we propose, first, that a business climate is an individual...

Understanding what fosters — and hinders — firm formation and growth at the metropolitan level across the United States is a challenge. Entrepreneurship can be measured by a variety of indicators, and they each can tell somewhat different stories. Furthermore, because entrepreneurship can...

This report offers the first-ever deep dive into the geographic trends of America’s fastest-growing private companies - the Inc. 500. Inc. magazine’s annual ranking, which began in 1982, has become an important point of pride for high-achieving companies and a source of research for...

We argue that in this age of globalization, important R&D-in automobiles and wireless telecommunication-exhibits a decisive home bias. This contrasts with findings on the rate and extent of globalization of the aggregate of activities classified as R&D. Sorting out R&D was deemed important at...

Michael Porter's cluster theory became popular at both the academic and policy levels as well as received a series of critiques. This article provides a synthetic view of those critiques. In addition, it reveals two new fundamental limitations of the theory. First, the descriptive and static...