Based on a large international sample, we examine the effects of CSR on the cost of equity under different levels of investor protection. In countries where investor protection is strong (poor), our results show that the cost of equity falls (rises) when a firm invests in CSR. Our findings are...

The paper examines the relationship between CSR and cost of equity in an in-ternational context assessing the moderating effect of culture on the relation between CSR and the cost of equity. We use an international sample of 42 countries, and company-level data from 2002-2013, to address...

A firm's corporate social responsibility (CSR) practice and its country's legal origin are strongly correlated. This relation is valid for various CSR ratings coming from several large datasets that comprise more than 23,000 large companies from 114 countries. We find that CSR is more strongly...

We investigate the roles of legal origins and political institutions – believed to be the fundamental determinants of economic outcomes – in corporate social responsibility (CSR). We argue that CSR is an essential path to economic sustainability, and document strong correlations between...

We investigate the roles of legal origins and political institutions – believed to be the fundamental determinants of economic outcomes – in corporate social responsibility (CSR). We argue that CSR is an essential path to economic sustainability, and document strong correlations between...

As businesses span the globe, multinational and translational companies conduct their business operations in foreign settings, especially in developing countries and in countries in transition from Communist regimes. This poses new challenges to expatriate managers and to home-based staff in...

In this paper, we examine time and country specific institutional effects on CSR disclosures by big bank in fourteen Western European banks. For time effect, we compared banks' CSR disclosures in 2005, when societal expectation of banks' CSR disclosures was considered low, to their CSR...

This study addresses the following research questions: Are there any significant social and environmental performance differences between Indonesian companies and MNCs operating in Indonesia? Do the levels of social and environmental performances have positive association with financial...

This study investigated environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and its financial impacts across 38 economies from 2013 to 2022, with a special focus on firms in Asia. The main findings are as follows. First, notable disparities in ESG assessments were found across major rating...